Furnace gas-producer



L. M. UNDERWDOD. FURNACE GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 10, 1919. 1,337,298.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J? WITNESSES; a? Z 0 INVENTOR 44 ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

L. M. UNDERWOOD.

FURNACE GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I0. I919.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOIS M. UNDERWOOD, 0F DAYTON, OHIO.

FURNACE GAS-PBGIDUCER.

Application filed March 1e.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOIS M. Unonuwooo, a citizen of the United States,residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Furnace Gas-Producers, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in kilns and moreespecially to an individual gas producer chamber or compartment which isa unitary part of the kiln structure, and to a removable twyer which isplaced in said compartment to produce the gas and is thereafter removed.from said compartment and placed in that of another kiln to perform thesame function until all of the kilns are supplied with the necessary gasfor the operation.

The invention is applicable to a single kiln or any number of kilnsarranged en bloc, where each individual kiln is provided with this gasproducer chamber or compartment.

The object of the invention is to provide a kiln or each individualkiln, where there are a number arranged en bloc, with its own individualgas producer chamber, and a twyer which is adapted to be used in the gasproducer compartment of each kiln and removed to another after each kilnis supplied with producer gas sufficient for burning the ware therein.

A further object of the invention is to provide means in each kiln forsupplying the gas produced with a suitable amount of additional air, asthe said gas passes from the producer chamber or compartmentinto thecombustion chamber of the kiln.

By the employment of the means to be described hereinafter, the gasproduced in a producer chamber or compartment of each kiln passesdirectly into the kiln behind the bag wall. where it mav be furthermixed. with additional air and burned. The gas passing out of theproducer chamber is thus mixed with a regulated supply of air underpressure, and the products of combustion pass directly into the body ofthe kiln from which the exhaust gas passes out through a stack in theusual manner after the were has been burned.

The difficulty of burning producer gas in a cold furnace is well known,but such difliculty is removed by means of the individual gas unitproducer, which at the Specification of Letters Patent.

'tion of the wall 6 of the kiln.

Patented Apr. 20, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 281.613.

beginning of the operation can be employed as a furnace until the kilnis brought to a sufficient temperature to burn the gas, and when this isdone, the furnace is converted into a gas producer chamber orcompartment, by closing the front portion and using suiiicient airthrough the twyers to cause sufiieient combustion to (listil the gas outof the coal, and by employing the secondary air siphon to draw air tothe point where the combustion is desired in the kiln.

The preferred form of embodiment of my invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings of which Figure 1 is a side elevation in section,showing a portion of a kiln, and furnace or gas producer structurecombined therewith. Fig. 2- is a perspective view of the portable twyerand supporting table. In this View one of the twyer supporting plates orbars is shown in a dumping position. And Fig. --3 is an end view, partlyin section of one of the tilting twyer supporting plates or bars.

Throughout the specification and drawings simllar reference charactersindicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in more particular terms. thenumeral -1- designates the inclosing wall of a combined furnace and gasproducer chamber or compartment which is combined with the front portionof the kiln structure 2-. The said. chamber is a part of the kilnstructure by being built in the wall thereof and is provided with asuitable communication be tween the said chamber and the interior of thekiln. Formed in the kiln by the bag wall -3 is a combustion or mixingchambe! t that connects with the furnace and gas producer chamberthrough an opening or conduit 5 provided in the upper por- This conduit5 forms the connection between the furnace and the gas producer chamber.and the combustion or mixing chamber -4 of the kiln. When the furnace orgas producer chamber is used as a gas proelucer, the conduit 5- directsthe gas to a point in the combustion or mixing chamber -4- wherecombustion is eifected by a forced draft of additional air, that isconducted to the latter through a supplemental air supply tube 7-.

Projecting into the outer open end of the tube 7, is a nozzle 8connected to .a vertical tube 9 that communicates with a main air line10, from which air under pressure is received to effect combustion ofthe pro ducer gas in the chamber 4.

By means of a valve 11 provided in the vertical tube 9, the supply ofair under pressure for the combustion chamber =1 can be regulated,Accordingly, to effect a greater producer chamber 1 is an opening 15that closed by a residue door '16 provided with a handle 17.

Through the opening 15 in the lower portion of the furnace, a twyersupporting table is adapted to be inserted and removed. By providingthis table with two hinged front legs 19 and two rear hinged egs 20connected by hinged bracing members 21, it is collapsible for thepurpose of being; easily transported from the furnace and producerchamber of one kiln to that ef another. (See Figs. 1 and 2).Accordingly. one of my twyer-supporting-tables by being portable, may bemade to serve several kilns. The twyer-supporting table may be readilywithdrawn through the opening 15, and easily inserted through saidopening in another furnace or furnaces to serve them when desired.

F he table 18 preferably contains two twver supporting-plates 22disposed side by side in the direction of its len rth in the upperportion of said table. While I have shown two of these plates, anygreater or less number may be provided without depar-tine from thespirit of my invention.

Each table plate 22 at its front and its rear end, and at one side ofits longitudinal axis, has a trunnion 23 turning in a bearing 24provided in the table frame. Each front trunnion 23 terminates in anipple and has a squared portion 25 that terminates at its rear end in aratchet disk 26. The latter has provided in its periphery a. notch 27 inwhich the nose of a pawl 28 pivoted to the table 18, is adapted to fallby gravity to hold its respective plate 22 in a horizontal position. Bymeans of a wrench applied to the squared portion 25 of the fronttrunnion 23,

the latter may be turned a. sutlicient distance to release itsrespective pawl 28. which will permit its respective plate 22 to tilt asshown in Fig. 2. to dump the ashes as will be hereinafter described.

Preferably mounted in two parallel rows upon each plate or tiltablemember 22, are

twyers 29 whose tops at each end project outwardly and downwardly ashort distance to protect the air openings 30 below, against beingclogged by clinkers or other particles. These twyers 29 are incommunication with their tiltable supporting members 22, which arehollow, as Well as the front trunnions 23 which terminate in nozzles andwith which they communicate. Projecting into the nozzle of each fronttrunnion 23 in a manner to leave an air opening around it, is a steaminjecting nozzle 31 provided with a valve 32 to control the pressure ofsteam issuing through it. As steam passes into and through the trunnion23, it creates a sufficient vacuum therein to cause air from the outsideto rush into the hollow members 22 through the trunnion 23, and. thencethrough the twyers 29 and the firehcd which said members 22 support, toforce combustion in the furnace when the device is being used as afurnace. 3y turning the nozzle valve 32, the pressure of the airentering the furnace through the twyers can be increased or diminished.hen increased. a great blast is created, resulting in a more intensefire and requiring a faster application of fuel.

tilting the members 22 as hereinbefore described, the ashes may bereadily dumped from them.

hen the furnace is used as a gas-producer for a kiln of which it is apart. it may be operated as a furnace and gas producer chamber for ashort time as above described, to bring: the kiln to a sufiicienttemperature to heat the gas. hen this is done, the furnace is convertedinto a producer by closing its front portion and turning the valve 32 topermit only enough air to issue through the twycrs to cause suiiicientcombustion to distil the one out of the coal. The gas produced will thenpass through the conduit 5 into the combustion chamber 4 of the kiln,where it is mixed with a regulated supply of air under pressure thatissues from the tube 7. By turning the valve 11, the pressure of thissecondary air supply can be regulated to produce the character of combastion desired for the kiln. It is thus seen that this secondary airsiphon device carries air to the point where combustion is desired inthe kiln, the gas being produced in the kilns own furnace, with all theadvantages hereinbefore set forth.

Among the advantages of my improved individual use producer features inkilns may be mentioned the following:

(1) After the twyer as a whole is removed from one furnace and gasproducer chamber to another, the said chamber, after the ware has beenburned in the kiln, supplies sufficient air to the kiln for cooling theburned ware.

(2) The means are simple and kilns already in use may be providedtherewith at comparatively small cost. (3) The loss or dissipai ion ofeffective heat th rough radis ation Where the heat is controlled throughtunnels which connect the kilns with large gas pro-dinreruuits isavoided. (4) As coinmriwi to other gas burning sy with which l amfamiliar, a substantial portion oi the cost 0? installation iseliminated. The iiautzer due to gas explosions is reiy materiallyavoided. sime there is no chance tor the accumula or gas in quantit ies.the gas 'ieiug burn d as soon as it enters the kiln from the producerchamber; and oth r advantages might be enumerated.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a kiln provided with a stationary furnace and gas producer chamberand a. conduit forming a passageway from said chamber to the combustionchamber of the kiln, and an auxiliary ai conduit through which additiomiair is supplied to the combustion chainsiur. a portable grate includinga series of hollow tilting bars with nozzles through wnich steam and airare injected into said bars, a series of twyers mounted on. each bar andhaving air passages con'inm'uii'utiiig with the interior of said bars,and an individual steam injecting nozsic extended into the nozzle ofeach of said bars, substantially as described.

52. series oi kilns provided each with a stationary furnace and gasproducer chamber, a conduit forming a communication between said chamberand the combustion chamber of the kiln, and a supplementary air conduitto supply air to said combustion chamber, a portable grate adapted to heremoved from the furnace and gas producer chamber of one kiln to that ofanother in the successive generation of gas, said grate comprising aseries of hollow bars the front ends of which terminate in nozzlesadapted to receive steam and air, and a series of twyers supported oneach of said bars,

substantially as specified.

3. A kiln having a bag-Wall and a combustion chamber behind saidbag-wall, and a combined individual furnace and gas producer chamberforming; a unitary part of the kiln structure, the upper part of saidfurnace and gas producer chamber communicating with saidcombustionchamber, and a portable gas producer element comprising aseries of twyers supported on parallel hollow bars and adapted to besuccessively placed in the furnace and gas reducer chambers of a seriesof kilns of lire structure, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day oflVIarch, 1919.

LUIS M. UNDERVVOOD. Vvitness:

G. W. UNSHAW.

